Monday 16 April 2012

Video on the Circuit of Culture.


I hope everyone is studying well for their finals. I think Kai Lin has made a exceptional effort to translate the circuit of culture to us.

Recently, I came across a video that may help you all recap Paul Du Gay's concept of circuit of culture in describing what can possibly be a cultural product - different from a cultural artifact. Hopefully, this video will help her illustrate her points  in the blogspot dated back on Feb 23, 2012  in a visually interactive manner and help all in your revision.

To add, personally, I think that circulation can be a new axiom on this concept. As with new media these days, it is so easy to re-circulate and reproduce the consumption of a cultural product. This can relive the cultural product experience for second time users or pass it on to new users.

- Louis

Wednesday 11 April 2012

Military Propaganda in Katy Perry's Music Video "Part of Me"






In Katy Perry’s recent music video for her single: “Part of Me”, she is shown joining the US military after discovering her boyfriend has cheated on her. Some may analyse the video on its artistic merit - the use of the military as a good metaphor for relationships in real life maybe – but I shall be analysing how on a sociological level, this music video unintentionally (or perhaps intentionally?) serves as propaganda for the US army.

Katy Perry’s status as a celebrity first of all, makes her a strong influencer of behaviour in society, especially among children and the 14-25 demographic. It is a well-noted social phenomenon that impressionable teens tend to emulate their idols, and treat them as a source of information in understanding the world around them. At this young age, they have not have fully formed views or opinions on the issues of their society, and they tend to lean towards the same kind of political views of their idols, with celebrities leveraging on their popularity to push forward their own ideas and agenda on a new generation of teens and future adults. For example, Lady Gaga has constantly mobilised her fan-base, which she dubs her ‘little monsters’ to support the LGBT agenda by protesting Proposition 8 in California, as well as fighting for and celebrating when same-sex marriage legislation was passed in New York.

The music video itself shows Katy Perry going through the United States Marine Corp training and then fighting a all out battle with her new comrades, and these scenes are presented as the backdrop to lyrics about empowerment and standing up for yourself.

So when Katy Perry talks about the great service that soldiers have provided for her country and her admiration of their service: "Even though I was sore and exhausted, I was so educated on people in the service, who I've always respected but the stuff they go through, and the kind of loyalty they posses, it's very communal, and community. Not to sound weird, but it seems like the heart of America. Seriously, the heart." This, combined with the elements present in her video, firstly, implants the suggestion in her fans’ minds that she appreciates people who join the military, and the subliminal implication of if I were to join the army, it would please my idol Katy Perry.

The immediate consequence of this is a greater interest in the armed forces, and in the age of social media, many positive sentiments and feedback aired online. One can imagine hordes of rabid Katy Perry fan responding on forums, video sharing sites or social networks with comments such as: “My brother is in the army, I’m so proud of him and I am so glad Katy is showing appreciation for these great men and women! God bless our troops!” Indeed similar comments have already been aired on Youtube.

In society, one’s understanding of the world directly co-relates to their field of experiences, and what they are exposed to. That’s why isolated Mormon communities in the United States for example still has misogynistic views of women, and subjugate girls as young as 9 or 10 to be sex slaves for the old patriarchs of their community, under the guise of being a dutiful wife.

So now, the large communities of Katy Perry fans online, and teenagers and children (yes, a large portion of Katy Perry’s fans are between the ages of 7 and 12, hence her appearance on Sesame Street) who don’t know any better at their relatively young and naïve age and deliberately expose themselves to this point of view, have this idealised idea of the army and recruitment.

Needless to say, these ideas could change as they grow up and learn more about the world, but given the fanatical nature of a lot of these fans, and their almost religious devotion to their pop idols, it would be no surprise to me that if Katy Perry were to continue producing pro-army content, it would foster a pretty strong pro-army conviction in her fans as they grow into adulthood.

It’s not that hard to believe: Look at the kids who grew up in the cold war generation when pro-war, and pro-army propaganda hit them in all directions from movies like Rambo and Red Dawn to animated children’s shows like GI Joe, kids from their generation grew up wanting to be soldiers for the US military and dying for their countries to defeat the ‘commie bastards’

Since such explicit propaganda cannot pass through our censors anymore these days, the propaganda machine has to use more nebulous ways to inculcate their message, and Katy Perry would be a good choice to help them along, if she hasn’t already been employed to do so. Besides, why do they think the US military so willingly allowed Katy Perry access to such a large range of their facilities and equipment? Of course, they didn’t do it so that Katy Perry could execute her artistic vision for the song, they did it because they saw there was some good propaganda purpose in allowing Katy Perry to do so. So Katy Perry unknowingly or quite likely knowingly, let herself be used as a pawn for the US army.

Cultural icons like Katy Perry are extremely adept at propagating ideas or desired behaviour because of their possession of an in-built target audience of unbelievably loyal consumers, who wittingly or unwittingly - most of the time it is the latter – subscribe to their view and understanding of the world. Given that Katy Perry has already shown some success in imbibing these pro-army sentiments among her followers, I’d reckon the US army would be more than willing to let her continue using their facilities and resources for her next video if she so chooses, which I have a good feeling she will, if not sooner, then later.

PS: This follows the trend among our current music and pop culture icons of using military elements in their videos, Rihanna's music video for her single "Hard", almost seems to fetishize the army.